History & Culture

Swabian Castle

Colle Pancrazio

On Colle Pancrazio, 383 metres up, it overlooks the old town. According to tradition a first fort dates to 937; the Normans enlarged it from the 12th century, and Frederick II extended and adapted it following the imperial directives of 1220.

Photo: Swabian Castle, Colle Pancrazio

The story

The castle stands on Colle Pancrazio, 383 metres above sea level, looking down over the old town. Its origins are older than the label "Norman-Swabian" suggests: tradition places a first fort in 937, credited to the townspeople or to the Byzantines depending on the source, and a Saracen phase is mentioned later. The Normans enlarged it from the 12th century, under Roger II, giving it the look of fortresses of the time.

Under Frederick II the castle changed face: Treccani notes that it was enlarged and adapted following imperial directives of 1220, and several popular sources link the work to damage from the 1184 earthquake. The rectangular plan, the crenellated walkways and the octagonal tower belong to the Swabian phase. Then came the Angevins, who made it a princely residence, the Spanish, a seminary and a Bourbon prison; since 1885 it has belonged to the city.

What to look for

Look for the octagonal tower, of declared Swabian origin, with its umbrella vault carried on eight ribs, and for the so-called Angevin corridor with its fleur-de-lis medallions (though its structure seems older). An Aragonese coat of arms marks the entrance portal, and from up here the view runs over the old town.

In the story

History & Culture. The historic and architectural heritage of the old town, without the textbook tone.

All eight pillars

Before you go

Opening hours and entrances can change: check on Google Maps or on the spot before you set off.

The old town is explored on foot and has a few climbs: how to get here and around.

Sources

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